Physical-Layer Sensing Privacy via Constellation Shaping for OFDM-ISAC Systems: Theory, Design, and Experiments

This paper addresses privacy risks in Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) systems where passive eavesdroppers can exploit data signals for unauthorized target sensing. The authors develop a geometric constellation shaping (GCS) framework for OFDM-ISAC systems to enhance sensing privacy. The key insight is that constellation-dependent ranging performance is receiver-specific, enabling privacy-preserving signal design. The work includes theoretical analysis, system design, and experimental validation.